配置 Nginx 支持 CGI

2009-08-21 18:19 | 分类：应用技术, 程序设计 | 标签：cgi、nginx、perl | 1,233 次浏览

作者: Bluedata | 可以转载，转载时务必以超链接形式标明文章原始出处和作者信息及版权声明
网址: http://bluedata.org/2009/08/21/nginx-cgi/

安装所需的 perl fcgi 模块：
apt-get install libfcgi-perl libfcgi-procmanager-perl

用 perl 写一个 daemon 程序来处理 cgi 文件：

vi /usr/local/bin/cgiwrap-fcgi.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use FCGI;
use Socket;
use FCGI::ProcManager;
sub shutdown { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); exit; }
sub restart { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); &main; }
use sigtrap 'handler', \&shutdown, 'normal-signals';
use sigtrap 'handler', \&restart, 'HUP';
require 'syscall.ph';
use POSIX qw(setsid);

#&daemonize; we don't daemonize when running under runsv
#this keeps the program alive or something after exec'ing perl scripts
END() { }
BEGIN() { }
{
   no warnings;
   *CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub { die "fakeexit\nrc=" . shift() . "\n"; };
};
eval q{exit};
if ($@) {
   exit unless $@ =~ /^fakeexit/;
}
&main;

sub daemonize() {
   chdir '/' or die "Can't chdir to /: $!";
   defined( my $pid = fork ) or die "Can't fork: $!";
   exit if $pid;
   setsid() or die "Can't start a new session: $!";
   umask 0;
}

sub main {

#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 ); #use IP sockets
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "/var/run/nginx/perl_cgi-dispatch.sock", 10 ); #use UNIX sockets - user running this script must have w access to the 'nginx' folder!!
#foreach $item (keys %ENV) { delete $ENV{$item}; }
   $proc_manager = FCGI::ProcManager->new( {n_processes => 5} );
   $socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 )
   ; #use UNIX sockets - user running this script must have w access to the 'nginx' folder!!
   $request =
   FCGI::Request( \*STDIN, \*STDOUT, \*STDERR, \%req_params, $socket,
   &FCGI::FAIL_ACCEPT_ON_INTR );
   $proc_manager->pm_manage();
   if ($request) { request_loop() }
   FCGI::CloseSocket($socket);
}

sub request_loop {
   while ( $request->Accept() >= 0 ) {
   $proc_manager->pm_pre_dispatch();

   #processing any STDIN input from WebServer (for CGI-POST actions)
   $stdin_passthrough = '';
   { no warnings; $req_len = 0 + $req_params{'CONTENT_LENGTH'}; };
   if ( ( $req_params{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST' ) && ( $req_len != 0 ) )
   {
   my $bytes_read = 0;
   while ( $bytes_read < $req_len ) {
   my $data = '';
   my $bytes = read( STDIN, $data, ( $req_len - $bytes_read ) );
   last if ( $bytes == 0 || !defined($bytes) );
   $stdin_passthrough .= $data;
   $bytes_read += $bytes;
   }
   }

   #running the cgi app
   if (
   ( -x $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) && #can I execute this?
   ( -s $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) && #Is this file empty?
   ( -r $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) #can I read this file?
   )
   {
   pipe( CHILD_RD, PARENT_WR );
   pipe( PARENT_ERR, CHILD_ERR );
   my $pid = open( CHILD_O, "-|" );
   unless ( defined($pid) ) {
   print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
   print
"Error: CGI app returned no output - Executing $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} failed !\n";
   next;
   }
   $oldfh = select(PARENT_ERR);
   $| = 1;
   select(CHILD_O);
   $| = 1;
   select($oldfh);
   if ( $pid > 0 ) {
   close(CHILD_RD);
   close(CHILD_ERR);
   print PARENT_WR $stdin_passthrough;
   close(PARENT_WR);
   $rin = $rout = $ein = $eout = '';
   vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 1;
   vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 1;
   $ein = $rin;
   $nfound = 0;

   while ( $nfound =
   select( $rout = $rin, undef, $ein = $eout, 10 ) )
   {
   die "$!" unless $nfound != -1;
   $r1 = vec( $rout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1;
   $r2 = vec( $rout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1;
   $e1 = vec( $eout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1;
   $e2 = vec( $eout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1;

   if ($r1) {
   while ( $bytes = read( PARENT_ERR, $errbytes, 4096 ) ) {
   print STDERR $errbytes;
   }
   if ($!) {
   $err = $!;
   die $!;
   vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 0
   unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN );
   }
   }
   if ($r2) {
   while ( $bytes = read( CHILD_O, $s, 4096 ) ) {
   print $s;
   }
   if ( !defined($bytes) ) {
   $err = $!;
   die $!;
   vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 0
   unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN );
   }
   }
   last if ( $e1 || $e2 );
   }
   close CHILD_RD;
   close PARENT_ERR;
   waitpid( $pid, 0 );
   } else {
   foreach $key ( keys %req_params ) {
   $ENV{$key} = $req_params{$key};
   }

   # cd to the script's local directory
   if ( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} =~ /^(.*)\/[^\/]+$/ ) {
   chdir $1;
   }
   close(PARENT_WR);

   #close(PARENT_ERR);
   close(STDIN);
   close(STDERR);

   #fcntl(CHILD_RD, F_DUPFD, 0);
   syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_RD), 0 );
   syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_ERR), 2 );

   #open(STDIN, "<&CHILD_RD");
   exec( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} );
   die("exec failed");
   }
   } else {
   print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
   print
"Error: No such CGI app - $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} may not exist or is not executable by this process.\n";
   }
   }
}

注意文件中的这两行：
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 );
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "/var/run/nginx/perl_cgi-dispatch.sock", 10 );
这两行都表示监听来自 perl CGI 的请求。
其中 perl_cgi-dispatch.sock 表示使用 unix socket 响应 CGI 请求。
127.0.0.1:8999 表示使用 TCP/IP 协议响应请求。
需要使用哪种方式就在下面的 FCGI::OpenSocket 中填入相对应的内容。

启动：
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cgiwrap-fcgi.pl
/usr/local/bin/cgiwrap-fcgi.pl > /dev/null 2>&1 &

配置 Nginx 的 location 处理 cgi 文件：

location ~ .*\.cgi$ {
   fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8999;
   fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
   include fastcgi_params;
}

测试：
在 web 的根目录下创建一个 cgi 文件：
vi test.cgi
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";
print "Hello, world.";

文件需要有可执行权限：
chmod +x test.cgi

访问 http://www.domain.com/test.cgi 看看有没有输出。

cgiwrap-fcgi.pl 随 nginx 一起启动/关闭：
修改 nginx 启动脚本：
在 start 段加入：
/usr/local/bin/cgiwrap-fcgi.pl > /dev/null 2>&1 &

在 stop 段加入：

PID=`/bin/netstat -npl | grep "127.0.0.1:8999" | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d "/" -f 1`
while [ -n "$PID" ]
do
kill -9 "$PID"
PID=`/bin/netstat -npl | grep "127.0.0.1:8999" | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d "/" -f 1`
done

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